Enterramientos romanos poco comunes de Paneas, Cesarea de Filipo
Palabras clave:
Costumbres funerarias, Período romano, Cremación, Siria, PalmiraResumen
El siguiente artículo presenta los resultados de excavaciones de rescate llevadas a cabo en la necrópolis de época romana de la antigua ciudad de Paneas, Cesarea de Filipo, donde se estudiaron varias tumbas selladas y alteradas halladas vacías de restos osteológicos, junto con dos monumentos funerarios pertenecientes a un tipo hasta ahora no documentado en esta zona. Las características de estos monumentos parecen estar inspiradas en la arquitectura funeraria de la región siria.
Citas
Assis, R. 2017. “Senir.” In: <http://www.hadashotesi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=25213&mag_id=125>
Avner, R. and Zelinger, Y. 2015. “A Cemetery, a Quarry and Remains of a Church at Ketef Hinnom, Jerusalem.” In: ʽAtiqot 80, 23-53.
Avni, G. 2005. “The Urban Limits of Roman and Byzantine Jerusalem: A View from the Necropolis.” In: Journal of Roman Archaeology 18, 373-396.
Berlin, A. 1999. “The Archaeology of Ritual: The Sanctuary of Pan at Banias/ Caesarea Philippi.” In: Bulletin of the American Society of Oriental Research 315, 27-45.
De Jong, L. 2017. The Archaeology of Death in Roman Syria: Burial, Commemoration and Empire. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Delvin, J.B. and Herrmann, N.P. 2015. “Bone Colour.” In: Schmidt, W. and Symes, S.A. (eds.), The Analysis of Burned Human Remains. 2nd ed. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 119-138. 25 Rostovtzeff, Bellinger, Brown, and Welles 1946. 26 Hartal 2009: 142.
Eisenberg, M. and Kowalewska, A. 2022. “Funerary Podia of Hippos of the Decapolis and the Phenomenon in the Roman World.” In: Journal of Roman Archaeology 35, 107-138.
Erlich, A. and Lavi, R. 2024. “Dine and Worship: The Roman Complex in Front of the Pan Grotto in Paneas/Caesarea Philippi.” In: Bulletin of the American Society of Overseas Research 392, 207-237.
Greet, B.J.R. 2015. The Roman Eagle: A Symbol and its Evolution. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of Leeds.
Hartal, M. 2009. Paneas IV: The Aqueduct and the Northern Suburbs. Jerusalem, Israel Antiquities Authority.
Hershkovitz, I. 1988. “Cremation, Its Practice and Identification: A Case Study from the Roman Period.” In: Tel Aviv 15/16, 98-100.
Israeli, S. 2008a. “Area B: Stratigraphic Details and the Pottery from Strata I to IV.” In: Tsaferis, V. and Israeli, S. (eds.), Paneas I: The Roman to Early Islamic Periods Excavations in Areas A, B, E, F, G and H. Jerusalem, Israel Antiquities Authority, 61-79.
Israeli, S. 2008b. “Area F: Stratigraphic Analysis of the ‘Burnt’ Street of Shops and Its Pottery.” In: Tsaferis, V. and Israeli, S. (eds.), Paneas I: The Roman to Early Islamic Periods Excavations in Areas A, B, E, F, G and H. Jerusalem, Israel Antiquities Authority, 105-127.
Johnston, F.E. and Zimmer, L.O. 1989. “Assessment of Growth and Age in the Immature Skeleton.” In: Iscan, M.Y. and Kenneth, A.R. (eds.), Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton. New York, Wiley-Liss, 11-21.
Kloner, A. 2013. “Cremation Tombs from the Roman Period in Caesarea.” In: Ayalon, A. and Ezdarechet, A. (eds.), Mikhmane Caesarea: Summaries and Studies in Caesarea and its Surroundings. Presented in Appreciation to Dr. Yosef Porat. Jerusalem, Friends of Ancient Caesarea, 229-238 [Hebrew].
Maʽoz, Z. 2008. “Banias: The Sanctuary of Pan.” In: The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Vol. 5. Jerusalem, The University of Chicago Press, 1587-1590.
Nagar, Y., Peer, M. and Sarig, R. In press. “Human Skeletal Remains from Legio.” In: ‘Atiqot.
Nenna, M.D. 2012. L’enfant et la mort dans l’Antiquité II, Types de tombes et traitement du corps des enfants dans l’antiquité gréco-romaine. Actes de la table ronde internationale organisée à Alexandrie, Centre d’Études Alexandrines 26. Paris, Études Alexandrines.
Netzer, E. 1998. “Where Herod Built the Temple in Honor of Augustus in Banias?.” In: Qadmoniyot 31/2, 134-135 [Hebrew].
Perry-Gal, L., Leyfirer, G., Adams, M.J. and Tepper, Y. 2025. “Pig Sacrifice and Feasting in Roman Funerary Practices: A Case Study of the Roman Legionary Cemetery at Legio.” In: ‘Atiqot 117, 177-197.
Peters, I. and Asscher, Y. 2022. “Analysis of Black Sediment from Banias Excavations.” Unpublished analytic report. Jerusalem, Israel Antiquities Authority.
Porat, Y. 2008. “Caesarea, The Israel Antiquities Authority Excavations.” In: The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Vol. 5. Jerusalem, The University of Chicago Press, 1656-1684.
Rostovtzeff, M.I., Bellinger, A.R., Brown, F.E. and Welles, C.B. 1946. Excavations at Dura Europos II: The Necropolis. New Heaven, Yale University Press.
Stepansky, Y. 2004. “Senir.” In: <http://www.hadashotesi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=2&mag_id=108>
Tchekhanovets, Y. and Najar, A. 2024. “Banias.” In: <https://www.hadashotesi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=26516&mag_id=137>
Tepper, Y. 2010. “A Pagan Cemetery from the Roman Period at the Foot of Tel Akko: Evidence of the Burial of Roman Soldiers and Citizens of Colonia Ptolemais.” In: Killebrew, A. and Raz-Romeo, V. (eds.), One Thousand Nights and Days: Akko through the Ages 31. Haifa, Hecht Museum Catalogue, 33-39.
Tepper, Y. 2014. Legio in the Roman Period: A Historical and Archaeological Study with an Emphasis on the Ethnic, Social and Religious Components. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Tel Aviv University. Tel Aviv.
Tsaferis, V. and Israeli, S. 2008. Paneas I: The Roman to Early Islamic Periods Excavations in Areas A, B, E, F, G and H. Jerusalem, Israel Antiquities Authority.
Ubelaker, D.H. 2009. “The Forensic Evaluation of Burned Skeletal Remains: A Synthesis.” In: Forensic Science International 183, 1-5.
Wilson, J.F. 2004. Caesarea Philippi: Banias, the Lost City of Pan. London, Bloomsbury Publishing.
Yoganandan, N., Pintar, F.A., Lew, S.M., Rao, R.D. and Ranngarajan, N. 2011. “Quantitative Analyses of Pediatric Cervical Spine Ossification Patterns Using Computed Tomography.” In: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine 55, 159-168.