Participatory practices in natural and cultural heritage

Andrea A. Travaglia

doi:10.32028/exnovo.v4i0.372

Authors

Andrea A. Travaglia Independent Researcher

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32028/exnovo.v4i0.372

Keywords:

The Netherlands, Environment and Planning Act, Omgevingswet, Natural and Cultural Heritage, Participatory Practice, Governance

Abstract

Heritage planning in Europe, through the Valletta and Florence Conventions, constitutes a framework for cooperation whereby the public is encouraged to take an active part - an ongoing cultural practice that includes society. Within this paper, I focus on participatory practice as a reflective process of problem-solving in heritage via individuals working together as a community of practice and crowd-based approaches. The recent development of the Environment and Planning Act (Omgevingswet) in the Netherlands, which will legally frame the way municipalities and citizens interact with their environment, is used as a case study to show context-dependent risks associated with the democratic dialogue in heritage planning. Participatory planning is impossible without democratic participation, and there is a risk that the Omgevingswet will merely pay lip service to participatory practice. I analyse engagement with technology and the new law that is not yet operational - with its influence on citizen participation yet to form - that could either have negative consequences or potentially enhance the participatory governance process in the Dutch heritage sector. In conclusion, the medium (Omgevingswet online platform) is the message (integration of sustainable Dutch landscapes in national and regional environmental visions) for online participatory practice in a networked information economy.

References

Aan De Slag Met De Omgevingswet, 2019a. Participatie in de Omgevingswet. Accessed 05/12/2019. https://aandeslagmetdeomgevingswet.nl/thema/participatie/participatie-wet/.

Aan De Slag Met De Omgevingswet, 2019b. Vergunningcheck in het Omgevingsloket. Accessed 05/12/2019. www.aandeslagmetdeomgevingswet.nl/digitaal-stelsel/in-de-praktijk/bouwstenen-stelsel/omgevingsloket/vergunningcheck.

Aan De Slag Met De Omgevingswet, 2019c. Omgevingsloket: dit houdt het in. Accessed 05/12/2019. https://aandeslagmetdeomgevingswet.nl/digitaal-stelsel/in-de-praktijk/bouwstenen-stelsel/omgevingsloket/.

Adell, N., Bendix, R. F., Bortolotto C. & Tauschek, M., 2015. Introduction: Between Imagined Communities and Communities of Practice: Participation, Territory and the Making of Heritage, in: N. Adell, R. F. Bendix, C. Bortolotto & M. Tauschek (eds), Between Imagined Communities of Practice: Participation, Territory and the Making of Heritage. Göttingen University Press, 7–18.

Agrawal, A. K., Catalini, C., & Goldfarb, A., 2011. The Geography of Crowdfunding, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Papers 16820, University of Toronto.

Bonacchi, C., Bevan, A., Pett, D., Keinan-Schoonbaert, A., Spark, R., Wexler, J. & Wilkin,

N., 2014. Crowd-sourced Archaeological Research: The MicroPasts Project. Archaeology International, 17, 61–68.

CARE, 2018. Gemeenschapsarcheologie in Het Groene Woud. Accessed 05/12/2019. https://gemeenschapsarcheologie.nl/hoe-werkt-het/.

Council Of Europe, 1992. Convention for the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage of Europe (revised) (Valletta, 1992). Accessed 05/12/2019. https://www.coe.int/en/web/culture-andheritage/valletta-convention.

Council Of Europe, 2000. The European Landscape Convention (Florence, 2000). Accessed 5/12/ 2019. https://www.coe.int/en/web/landscape/the-european-landscape-convention

Council Of Europe, 2005. Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society (Faro Convention, 2005). Accessed 5 Dec 2019: https://www.coe.int/en/web/culture-and-heritage/faroconvention

Digventures, 2012. Accessed 05/12/2019. https://digventures.com/about-us/.

Elerie, H. & Spek, T., 2010. The Cultural Biography of Landscape as a Tool for Action Research in the Drentsche Aa National Landscape (Northern Netherlands), in: T. Bloemers, K. Henk, A. Van Der Valk (eds), The Cultural Landscape & Heritage Paradox. Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press, 83–113.

European Commission, 2017. Crowdfunding: Reshaping the Crowd’s Engagement in Culture. Accessed 31/10/2019. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e10916d-677c-11e7-b2f2-01aa75ed71a1/language-en.

Graham, E., Hambly J. & Dawson, T. 2017. Learning from Loss: Eroding Coastal Heritage in Scotland. Humanities 2017, 6(4), 87.

International Finance Corporation, 2012. Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts. Accessed 05/12/2019. https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/sustainability-at-ifc/policies-standards/performance-standards/ps1.

Jameson, J. & Musteaţă S. (eds), 2019. Transforming Heritage Practice in the 21st Century. Springer International Publishing.

Lowenthal, D., 1996. The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History. London: Cambridge University Press.

Mcluhan, M., Fiore, Q., & Agel, J., 1967. The Medium is the Massage. New York: Bantam Books.

Ministerie Van Binnenlandse Zaken En Koninkrijksrelaties, 2019a. Ontwerp Nationale Omgevingsvisie Duurzaam perspectief voor onze leefomgeving. Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.denationaleomgevingsvisie.nl/PageByID.aspx?sectionID=191952&contentPageID=1452074

Ministerie Van Binnenlandse Zaken En Koninkrijksrelaties, 2019b. Wat is de Nationale Omgevingsvisie (NOVI)? Accessed 5/12/ 2019. https://www.denationaleomgevingsvisie.nl/over+novi/default.aspx

Ministerie Van Infrastructuur En Milieu, 2016a. Translation of the Environment and Planning Act Legislative Bill. Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documents/reports/2017/02/28/environment-and-planning-act/EnglishtranslationEnvironmentAct.pdf.

Ministerie Van Infrastructuur En Milieu, 2016b. Translation of the Environment and Planning Act Explanatory Memorandum. Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documents/reports/2017/02/28/environment-and-pl anning-act-%E2%80%93-expl anatory-memorandum/EnglishtranslationExplanatorMemorandumEnvironmentAct.pdf.

Ministerie Van Infrastructuur En Milieu, 2017. De opgaven voor de NationaleOmgevingsvisie. Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/beleidsnota-s/2017/02/17/de-opgaven-voor-de-nationale-omgevingsvisie

Moshenska, G. (ed.), 2017. Key Concepts in Public Archaeology. London: UCL Press.

NASA, 2018. The Cooperative Open Online Landslide Repository (COOLR) project. Accessed 5/12/2019. https://pmm.nasa.gov/landslides/about.html.

OVERHEID, 2016. Omgevingsbesluit (AMvB Omgevingswet). Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.internetconsultatie.nl/omgevingswet_omgevingsbesluit/details

Perry, S. & Beale, N., 2015. The Social Web and Archaeology’s Restructuring: Impact, Exploitation, Disciplinary Change. Open Archaeology 1(1), 153–165.

Richardson, L., 2013. A Digital Public Archaeology? Papers from the Institute of Archaeology, 23(1), p.Art. 10, 1–12.

Richardson, L., 2017. I’ll Give You ‘Punk Archaeology’, Sunshine. World Archaeology 49 (3), 306–317.

Ridge, M., 2013. From Tagging to Theorizing: Deepening Engagement with Cultural Heritage Through Crowdsourcing. Curator: The Museum Journal, 56 (4), 435–450.

Rijksdienst Voor Het Cultureel Erfgoed, 2019. Erfgoed in de Omgevingswet. Accessed 5/12/ 2019.

https://www.cultureelerfgoed.nl/onderwerpen/omgevingswet/erfgoed-in-deomgevingswet.

Rijksoverheid 2018. Nieuwe omgevingswet maakt omgevingsrecht eenvoudiger. Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/omgevingswet/vernieuwingomgevingsrecht.

Sani, M., 2015. Participatory Governance of Cultural Heritage, European Expert Network on Culture. Accessed 31/10/2019. http://www.interarts.net/descargas/interarts2538.pdf.

Scistarter, 2011. Accessed 5/12/2019. https://scistarter.org/about.

Smith, L., 2006. Uses of Heritage. London, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.

Thomas, S. & Lea, J. (eds), 2014. Public Participation in Archaeology. Boydell and Brewer.

Tourle, P., 2017. White Noise: Sound, Materiality and the Crowd in Contemporary Heritage Practice. International Journal of Heritage Studies 23 (3), 234–247.

Travaglia, A., 2015. Archaeology and the Crowd. An Exploration of Socially Responsible Archaeology (MA Thesis). University of Amsterdam & Vrije University (ACASA). Accessed 31/10/2019. https://www.academia.edu/15482525/Archaeology_and_the_Crowd_An_Exploration_of_Socially_Responsible_Archaeology.

UNESCO 2019, Netherlands. Accessed 5/12/2019. https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/nl.

UNESCO Werelderfgoed in Nederland, 2018. Verslag Unesco Werelderfgoed Bestuurdersdag 2018:De Wederkerigheid van Werelderfgoed, 7-11-2018 van Nellefabriek Rotterdam. Accessed 31/10/2019.

https://www.unesco.nl/sites/default/files/inline-files/Verslag%20Werelderfgoed%20Bestuurdersdag.pdf.

United Nations Economic Commission For Europe, 2001. Public Participation. Accessed 5/12/2019. https://www.unece.org/env/pp/welcome.html.